7.1-29 – Proverbial sayings
and the problem of wisdom – Verses 1-10 – A series of proverbs arranged in a “better
than” comparisons concerning wisdom and folly. Wisdom recognizes the only thing
certain is death. Fools focus on illusory pleasures of laughter and feasting. (7.1 = Until a man dies, there is always
danger he may forfeit his good name. 7.3
= empty revelry precludes real happiness.) Finally it is unwise to spend
time longing for the better days that are now past, if indeed they were better.
7.11-29 – These are reflections on
the power of wisdom and the punishment of the sinner. Verse 15 – Reward and punishment to not always work as they should
for righteous and wicked people. Verse
20 - Righteous humans, who are equated with the wise are not immune from
sin. Verse 21-22 - Warnings are
given against too much reliance on the opinions of others.
7.16-18- These verses seem to
express the thought of moderation in all things.
7.18-28 – Human wisdom teaches
the limits of what that wisdom can know, and therefore the need for moderate,
balanced behavior which the writer connects to the fear of God. The writer uses
the image of the woman who waits to entrap the unwary or foolish sinner.
In
scripture, a woman can sometimes be a type of false religion or teaching—ref: “the
woman riding the beast, the great harlot.”
Ancient
Jewish sages felt wisdom’s focus on the end of life was to be celebrated
because only then can a human know and have realized his intellectual and
spiritual potential. Life has many troubles and experiences but through it all
the wise man will find trust in God.
8.1-17
– More wisdom and its limits – This
chapter discusses both positive and pessimistic statements and thoughts about
wisdom. The Hebrew word for wisdom throughout the book of Ecclesiastics is
Strong’s 2451 = wisdom, skill, learning; this can refer to skill in life,
trade, war, or spiritual things.
8.1-5 – As believers in Yeshua these first
six verses should have clear meaning.
8.6-9 - Command or power is the domain of
the king (Yeshua) to whom every knee shall bow. None of us can hang unto our “life
breath” as death is our end. Finally, how to we use our power or authority—for harm
or good?
8.9-15 – Treatment of the good and the
wicked. The writer expresses the tension between his conviction that the good
are rewarded and the wicked punished and his observation that in reality this
is not always the case. His conclusion is his favorite saying: Hevel = Vanity, futility. His conclusion
is to enjoy your toil and wealth all the days God grants.
8.16-17 – His recommendation then is that
human wisdom is incapable of totally understanding God’s divine activity and
ways in this world. In other words, we should yield to God’s wisdom and become
obedient to Him.
9.1-12 – Death is the final
equalizer – I have
used these verses along with others to determine what the Bible says about
death and our sleeping in the grave awaiting to hear His voice (John 5.25) and
resurrect from the dead.
9.1-6
– The theme is
death for all humans regardless of anything else. Being alive is better than
being dead because the dead (in Sheol = the grave) know nothing. (The dead are asleep
according to the Bible; ref: 1 Thess 4.15 and John 11.11).
9.7-12 – Enjoy life while you have it. The
writer connects this with symbols of purity, a white garment, and a head anointed
with oil (white garment = righteousness of the saints; oil = gladness and anointing
of God). We should be ready for death because we are in Christ.
Having a
wife to love, just as Christ loves the church, brings great pleasure in life. This
differs from the negative view in 7.26-28.
We are the Bride of Christ…when we fall away we can become as an adulteress
wife (ref: Hosea).
Trouble
comes to all humans regardless of status. It often comes without warning. Where
do we put our trust at this time?
9.13-18 – Wisdom is problematic – The challenge of living in the face
of death brings the writer back to theme of wisdom and its limits. He uses a parable
to make his point. He asserts the potential value of wisdom over royalty and
military prowess, and yet admits the vulnerability of that wisdom and its
effectiveness in relation to human neglect and sin.
10.1-20
– Maxims on wisdom and folly – Comparing
how wisdom can be undone by just a little folly. Some themes in this chapter:
Verse two may show the difference between Republicans and Democrats…Ha!
10.8-11 - Maxims that is born of experience
shows there are rules in the world that dictate certain actions, will bring
consequences.
10.12-14 – The above is extended showing the
contrast between a wise man’s measured speech and the favor it brings him,
against the fool’s uncontrolled prattling and its disastrous results.
10.16-20 – Leadership is contrasted between
wise and foolish leaders. Those who govern with propriety and restraint with
those who act as simple untested young children. Finally, measure your words
carefully.
11.1-10
- Seize the day, for the future is dark and uncertain.
11.1-6- The initial advice about casting
bread was understood by rabbinic sages as meaning to act generously to others
because it may be returned in your time of misfortune. I find “giving a portion
to seven or eight” as being prophetic. Seven is the number of completion and
perfection, while eight is symbolic of the 8th day of Sukkot when
the Bride and Groom spend an extra day intimately together. In other words be
generous all the time.
Even if
humans know that clouds bring rain and trees fall, they cannot predict when
these events will occur. Anyone spending too much time trying to figure it all
out will not get on with basic planting and reaping duties—they will be wasting
precious time. So sow and till because we don’t know the future and should not
fret about it.
11.7-8 – Seize the day and enjoy the
sweetness of light of day because the day is coming when you will die—nothingness.
Death is the grave, dust to dust, no hope—unless you believe in resurrection
from the dead!
11.9-10 – The writer advises the young to
enjoy life while they are young. I remember many older people telling me that
when I was growing up! The writer here advises to enjoy life the correct way
because God will judged by God. The writer’s hope in the possibility of divine
judgment hints at a belief in resurrection at a future date.
12.1-8
– The terrors of old age – A contrast with the previous
chapter of the pleasures of youth. That the writer ends on the dark note of old
age is no accident, it reaffirms the transitory nature of life with no
certainty that has been stated throughout the book.
12.1-5
–
Darkness is compared to old age which envelopes the light of vigorous life of
youth. The darkness is connected with various vocations of human activity that
begin to fade as a person ages. This is connected to nature and various
creatures and their decline or expression of fear at the approaching darkness.
The rabbinic sages compared this to parts of the body in rapid deterioration.
12.5b-7
–
The imagery clearly points to human death and the return of each body to dust.
Significantly each human “life-breath”
will return to God who gave it.
Again, here I see significant information on what
happens to us when we die (ref: this blog Rev 20-Eternal Life based upon
Resurrection of the Dead 2/3/16).
12.9-14
–Editorial Reflections – An epilogue. The verses identify the
writer as a sage and describe his activity of teaching by means of wise
sayings. The Jewish people look upon the Shepherd as being Moses while
Christians would see Jesus.
It is not desirable to add anything more says the
writer. Fear God and keep His commandments he advises. The reason being that
God will bring every action, even if kept hidden, into judgment whether for
good or ill.
In the past I found it difficult to
understand the book of Ecclesiastes. It was so negative and dark, how could
someone like King Solomon write it? Now I see the book in a much different
light.
Scriptures says King Solomon had
many wives which led him to idolatry and apostasy (1 Kings 11). This would
account for his negative views in Ecclesiastes. He was experiencing the despair
of a man who had strayed from His God.
In reality the book describes exactly
the way humans think about and consider the mysteries of this life. Without
faith in God things appear very bleak. We, as believers in Yeshaua ha Mashiach,
have salvation and hope. We believe that we will be resurrected from the dead
into eternal life with YHVH. This is a great future.
Even Paul the Apostle said: “If in this life only we have hope in Christ, we are of all men most
miserable.” I Corinthians 15.19 Paul saw the glorious life ahead!